ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To explore the model of chronic experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE)for the further study of multiple sclerosis.@*METHODS@#A total of 72 female SPF C57BL/6J mice (inbred strain, aged 8 approximately 10 weeks), were randomly divided into an EAE group, a blank group and an adjuvant group, and each group was divided into 3 subgroups: an onset group, a peak group and a chronic phase group. The EAE group was immunized with mMOG35-55.@*RESULTS@#At the end of the study, and 83.3% of the mice in EAE group suffered the onset, and 8.3% of the mice died. The highest clinical score reached grade 5, namely paralysis of the whole body and then death. In the EAE group, after being immunized first, the mice were all anosis during the first 13 days. They got ill on the third week, and in about 20 approximately 24 days the clinical symptom reached the peak, and in 28 approximately 32 days the chronic phase arrived,when parts of the clinical symptoms got relieved. On the contrary, both the adjuvant group and the blank group were healthy all the time. Characteristic appearance was detected in the EAE group.@*CONCLUSION@#Antigen emulsion, mixture of artificially synthesized mMOG35-55 and complete Freundos adjuvant can successfully induce chronic EAE in the mice. The model of EAE duplicated in our study has the characteristics of high incidence, low death rate and stability, which can be used to carry out further research on multiple sclerosis.
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Mice , Disease Models, Animal , Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental , Freund's Adjuvant , Glycoproteins , Mice, Inbred C57BL , Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein , Peptide Fragments , Random AllocationABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the influence of long-term anoxic exposure on the sperm function of male adults at different altitudes.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 28 male adults that had stayed at the altitude of 5 340 m for 1-3 years were included as a high-altitude group (HAG), 34 at the mean altitude of 3 800 m for 2-5 years as a middle-altitude group (MAG) and 31 permanently at the altitude of 1 300 m as controls. Semen specimens were collected and the real-time semen analysis was performed by using computer-assisted semen analysis (CASA) system.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The sperm density, VCL, VSL, VAP and LIN in the HAG were (51.12 +/- 14.61) x 10(6)/ ml, (48.17 +/- 13. 52) microm/s, (32.64 +/- 6.70) microm/s, (41.21 +/- 9.32) microm/s and 52.24 +/- 8.14, respectively, significantly lower than those of the control (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, there was a progressive decrease in sperm concentration, sperm motility rate, VSL, VCL, LIN, VAP and ALH in the MAG.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The higher the altitude, the more obvious was the negative effect of anoxic exposure on the sperm function of male adults.</p>